anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振，厌食
dysphagia 吞咽困难
eructation 嗳气
belching 嗳气
flatulence 气胀
flatus 肠胃气，屁
gaseous distention 胃胀气
hematemesis 呕血
hiccough, hiccup 打呃，呃逆
nausea 恶心
pyrosis 胃灼热
regurgitation 反胃，回流
thirsty 口渴
vomiting 呕吐
anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂
ascites 腹水
board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹
decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱
exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张
fistula 瘘，瘘管
hemorrhoid 痔
hernia 疝
hepatomegaly 肝肿大
intussusception 肠套叠
jaundice 黄疸
muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫
peristalsis 蠕动
loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失
mass peristalsis 总蠕动
retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕动
prolapse 脱垂
prolapse of anus 脱肛
rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂，脱肛
volvulus 肠扭转
calculus 结石， 石
biliary calculus 胆结石
vesical calculus 膀胱结石
constipation 便秘
defecation 排便
diarrhea 腹泻
incontinence of feces 大便失禁
hematochezia 便血
fecal impaction 大便嵌塞
occult blood 潜血
painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牵动
clay colored stools 陶土色便
dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样呕吐物
fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪，吐粪
foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢
scanty and hard stools 便少而硬
tarry (black) stools 柏油样便
anuria 无尿
burning sensation no urination 排尿时的灼烧感
dysurea 排尿困难，尿痛
enuresis, bed wetting 遗尿
frequency of urination 尿频
micturation 排尿
uresis, urination, voiding 排尿
nocturia 夜尿
oliguria 少尿
polyuria 多尿
tenesmus 里急后重
vesical tenesmus 排尿时里急后重
uremia coma 尿毒症昏迷
urgency of urination 尿急
urinary incontinence 尿失禁
aciduria 酸尿
chyluria 乳糜尿
cylindruia 管型尿
glycosuria 糖尿
hematuria 血尿
ketonuria 酮尿
pneumatinuria 气尿
proteinuria 蛋白尿
pyuria 脓尿
amenorrhea 经闭，无月经
dysmenorrhea 痛经
menorrhagia 月经过多
lochia 恶露
menorrhea 行经，月经过多
menstruation 月经
uterine contraction 子宫收缩
blotch 斑点
bruise 挫伤，青肿
acne 痤疮，粉刺
desquamation 脱皮，脱屑
ecchymosis 瘀斑
loss of skin turgor 失去皮肤充盈
nevus 痣
papule 丘疹
petechia 瘀点，瘀斑
pigmentation 色素沉着
pustule 脓疱
purpura 紫癫
red nodule 红结节
roseola 玫瑰疹
scar 伤疤
senile plaque 老人斑
spider anaioma 蛛形痣
subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节
urticaria 荨麻疹
vesicle 小水疱
vitiligo 白斑
blindness 失明
blurred vision, visual disturbance 视力模糊
impaired vision 视力下降
lacrimation 流泪
papilledema 视神经乳头水肿
photophobia 畏光，羞明
retinal detachment 视网膜脱离
deafness 聋
hearing loss 听力丧失
tinnitus 耳鸣
epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血
impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍
nasal discharge 鼻涕
nasal obstruction 鼻塞
sneeze 喷嚏
snore 打鼾
aphonia, loss of voice 失音症
hoarseness 嘶哑
gum bleeding 齿龈出血
herpes labialis 唇疱疹，感冒疮
Koplik’s spots 科普利克斑
lead line of the gum 龈铅线
salivation, drooling 流口水
straw-berry tongue 草莓舌
tremulous tongue 舌震颤
atrophy 萎缩
contracture 挛缩
deformity 畸形，变形
dislocation 脱位
fracture 骨折
closed (simple)fracture 无创骨折，单纯性骨折
comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折
compound fracture 哆开（开放性）骨折
knock-knee 膝外翻
opisthotonos 角弓反张
prosthesis 假体
spasm 痉挛
tetany (肌)强直，手足抽搦
wrist drop 腕下垂
aphasia 失语
ataxia 共济失调
coma 昏迷
consciousness 知觉，意识
convulsion 抽搐，惊厥
delirium 谵妄
delusion 妄想
faint 昏厥
hallucination 幻觉
hemiplegia 偏瘫
increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高
insanity 精神错乱
loss of orientation 定向丧失
mania 躁狂
memory defects, amnesia 记忆缺损，遗忘症
paraplegia 截瘫，下身麻痹
projectile vomiting 喷射性呕吐
somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡，嗜睡
stupor 木僵，昏呆
tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪
unconsciousness 失去知觉
yawning 打哈欠
crisis 危象
cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ...) crisis
脑（热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…）危象
failure 衰竭，故障
central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure
中枢（循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…）衰竭
diagnosis诊断
auscultation 听诊
inspection 视诊
palpation触诊
percussion 叩诊
laboratory examination 实验室检查
physical examination 体格检查
rectal (vaginal) touch 直肠（阴道）指诊
impression 印象
tentative diagnosis 暂定诊断
differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断
final diagnosis 最后诊断
prognosis 预后
prescription 处方
incubation (latent) period 潜伏期
prodromal stage 前驱期
incipient stage 初期
quiescent stage 静止期
alleviation 减轻，缓和
remission 缓解
attack 发作
convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期
rehabilitation 康复
relapse 复发
sudden death 猝死
moribund 濒死的
course of the disease 病程
course of the treatment 疗程
indication 适应症，指征
complication 并发症
contraindication 禁忌症
side-effect 副作用
sequel (sequela), after effect 后遗症
therapies 治疗方法
acupuncture therapy 针刺疗法
block therapy 封闭疗法
chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学疗法
combined therapy 综合疗法
conservative therapy 保守疗法
constitutional therapy 全身疗法
dietetic therapy 饮食疗法
operative treatment 手术疗法
palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息疗法
physical therapy 物理疗法
psychotherapy 精神疗法
radical treatment 根治
radio-therapy 放射性疗法
supporting treatment 支持疗法
symptomatic treatment对症疗法
cardiac massage 心脏按摩
cardiac pacing 心脏起博
electrotherapy 电疗法
electroshock treatment 电休克疗法
hemodialysis 血液透析
hyperbaric therapy 高压氧疗法
insulin-shock treatment 胰岛素休克疗法
light therapy 光疗法
therapeutic gymnastics 医疗体育
