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本帖被 欣宇 从 【口腔医学】 移动到本区(2015-08-28)
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Step-Back or Step-Down As previously stated, two approaches to debriding and
shaping the canal have finally emerged: either starting at
the apex with fine instruments and working one’s wayback up (or down) the canal with progressively larger
instruments—the “step-back” or serial technique—or
the opposite, starting at the cervical orifice with larger
instruments and gradually progressing toward the apex
with smaller and smaller instruments—the “step-down”
technique, also called “crown-down” filing.如前所述，目前有两类根管清理和成形的技术：要么采用较小的器械从根尖止点开始逐步换用大号器械退出根管，称为“逐步后退”或者是连续技术；要么相反，开始在根管口使用较大号的器械，逐渐的换用小号器械进入根尖止点，称之为“逐步后退技术”或者称为“冠向下”预备
Hybrid approaches have also developed out of the
two methods. Starting coronally with larger instruments,
often power driven, one works down the straight
coronal portion of the canal with progressively smaller
instruments—the step-down approach. Then, at this
point, the procedure is reversed, starting at the apex
with small instruments and gradually increasing in size
as one works back up the canal—the step-back
approach. This hybrid approach could be called, quite
clumsily, the step-down-step-back technique or “modified
double-flared technique.” 混合式方法形成于这两类方法，开始在冠方根管使用较大号的器械，通常是机动器械，随着器械的减小，依次直行进入根管预备，这是逐步深入部分，这一点是与逐步后退相反的，然后采用小号器械从根尖开始，随着器械的增大，逐渐退出根管，这是逐步后退部分。这种混合技术被称为逐步深入逐步后退技术或者是“改良双敞技术”。Any one of these methods of preparing the root canal
will ensure staying within the confines of the canal and
delivering a continuously tapered preparation and, as
Buchanan noted, eliminate blocking, “apical ledging,
transportation, ripping, zipping and perforation.”正如Buchanan强调：这两部分必须保证在根管范围内预备，并实现连续的锥形预备，避免牙本质堵塞，台肩，根裂，根尖敞开，侧穿。网上的一点资料，不知道翻译的正确不!哪位知道“双敞技术”写个帖子共享一下呀！先谢了
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