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只看楼主 倒序阅读 使用道具 0楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
  小狗和幸福的故事 有一只小狗,问它的妈妈说:妈妈,妈妈,幸福在哪里?" 它的妈妈说:"孩子,幸福就在你的尾巴上." 于是,小狗总是整天想咬住它的尾巴,而总是在原地绕圈,可就是咬不到,它又问妈妈说:妈妈,妈妈,为什么我抓不到幸福呢?" 妈妈心平气和的告诉它:你不用追到它呀,只要你一直往前走,幸福就会一直跟在你身后.




一个数学问题
在座标平面上,兔子由(0,0)出发,以等速 q 沿着 x 轴向右逃跑,狗由(0,a)出发, a 0,以等速 p 追兔子,请讨论狗在何时可以追上兔子?
  狗不会提前计算,他只会一味的追逐兔子,随着兔子的位置来改变方向.所以狗头始终瞄准兔子.    
   
设狗跑的路径为 ,则有
                                                                                                                                                     =800) window.open('http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_9.gif');\" style=\"max-width:800px;\" onload=\"if(is_ie6&&this.offsetWidth>800)this.width=800;\" >                                        .........(1)                                                                                                                                              



                                                                                                                       =800) window.open('http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_10.gif');\" style=\"max-width:800px;\" onload=\"if(is_ie6&&this.offsetWidth>800)this.width=800;\" >                                        ........................(2)                                                                                                                                              
                                    
                                      由(2)

                                      两边对 微分,得 ,得
                                                                          
                                  
                                                                                                                                                     =800) window.open('http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_15.gif');\" style=\"max-width:800px;\" onload=\"if(is_ie6&&this.offsetWidth>800)this.width=800;\" >                                        ................(3)                                                                                                                                              
                                  
                                  
                                    将(1)除以 ,得 因此
                                  
                                  
                                                                                                                                                              =800) window.open('http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_18.gif');\" style=\"max-width:800px;\" onload=\"if(is_ie6&&this.offsetWidth>800)this.width=800;\" >                                          ............(4)                                                                                                                                                      
                                    



                                      将(4)代入(3),得
                                                                            
                                    
                                  
                                                                                                                                                              =800) window.open('http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_19.gif');\" style=\"max-width:800px;\" onload=\"if(is_ie6&&this.offsetWidth>800)this.width=800;\" >                                          ................(5)                                                                                                                                                      

                                    
                                  
                                  以 ,(5)写成

                                  分离变数法:

                                  积分:



                                  初始值:

[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_27.gif[/img]

                                  因此

[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_28.gif[/img]

                                  两边平方后整理:[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_29.gif[/img],[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_30.gif[/img],[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_31.gif[/img]。

[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_32.gif[/img]

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_33.gif[/img]                                        .............(6)                                                                                                                                              
                                  
                                  第一种情形:[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_34.gif[/img],
                                  [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_35.gif[/img]
                                  初始值:[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_36.gif[/img],得到 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_37.gif[/img],那么
                                  [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_38.gif[/img]
                                  如果 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_39.gif[/img] 则 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_40.gif[/img],令 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_41.gif[/img],得出 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_42.gif[/img]。
                                  狗在 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_43.gif[/img]追上兔子,需时 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_44.gif[/img]。

                                    如果 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_45.gif[/img] 则 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_46.gif[/img]。当 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_47.gif[/img],[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_48.gif[/img],狗追不上兔子。

                                    第二种情形:[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_49.gif[/img],[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_50.gif[/img]。 (6)式变成 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_51.gif[/img]

[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_52.gif[/img]

                                    初始值:[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_36.gif[/img],得 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_53.gif[/img],则

[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_54.gif[/img]

                                    当 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_47.gif[/img] 时,同样有 [img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_48.gif[/img],因此狗也追不上兔子。

                                    不过,[img]http://scicomp.math.ntu.edu.tw/calculus/images_02/ex35_55.gif[/img] 狗追不上兔子是常识。
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
狗之所以追不上兔子是因为他眼里只有兔子,而没有找到自己的方向




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只看该作者 1楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
哇哦。有才……虽然现在看不懂数学式子了
离线泰坦
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只看该作者 2楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
原来当狗也需要扎实的数学功底才能追上一只兔子
离线g.c.dr.

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只看该作者 3楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
引用第2楼泰坦于2008-08-28 19:54发表的  :原来当狗也需要扎实的数学功底才能追上一只兔子

得先算算能不能追上兔子
离线凌云志
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只看该作者 4楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
小狗的故事听说过
离线亮★shine
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只看该作者 5楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
看到直接
离线wintermine
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只看该作者 6楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
狗又不会方程,看来最快的狗这辈子也追不上兔子了。
离线两点水
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只看该作者 7楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
所以狗从未放弃过对兔子的追逐。。。
离线小旦
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只看该作者 8楼 发表于: 2008-08-28
引用第2楼泰坦于2008-08-28 19:54发表的  :原来当狗也需要扎实的数学功底才能追上一只兔子

原来很多人连狗都不如……
离线手术刀
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只看该作者 9楼 发表于: 2008-08-29
于是,小狗总是整天想咬住它的尾巴,而总是在原地绕圈,可就是咬不到

有没有人见到过狗能咬到自己的尾巴的,我这么大了还没见过来……
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